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Vliv pohybové aktivity dojnic v krmišti na jejich produkci mléka
Caletková, Jitka
This bachelor's thesis deals with the influence of movement activity of dairy cows in the feedlot on their milk production. The aim was to confirm or disprove the statement that when a dairy cow has more visitors at the trough, she should also have a higher milk yield. Dairy cows were observed at the ZOD Haná, družstvo se sídlem ve Švábenicích, specifically at the VKK Rybníček center with 592 dairy cows. Dairy cows in their first lactation were selected for observation. Observations of dairy cows took place during 2021 (spring, summer and autumn) and 2022 (winter). Each observation during the year contained 12 measurements. The dairy cows that were observed at the trough were entered into the table and subsequently their milk productivity was traced, and the average daily temperature was also entered. The results show that dairy cows that were caught three and four times at the trough had higher milk yields.
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Porovnání ekonomiky výroby mléka českého strakatého skotu na dvou farmách
Smolíková, Petra
This thesis deals with the comparison of the economics of milk production of Czech spotted cattle on two farms. The evaluation was based on three years of data from the farms. The results show that there are differences in milk yield and costs between the farms, which lead to differences in profits. The data was processed using tables and graphs to specify the economics of feed day, milk production, turnover per cow. The last part of the paper highlights the average percentage distribution of the cost of production of the enterprises. The total cost per feeding day, litre of milk and dairy cow was an amount ranging from CZK 7.82 to CZK 76.585.11 in the enterprises depending on the factor and enterprise under study. The main percentages of costs were for feed and bedding, on average The size of the holdings ranged from 378 to 520 cows, with daily milk yields of 16.58 to 24.32 litres of milk per cow in the years under review. The findings and recommendations for improving farm profitability are concluded.
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Faktory ovlivňující welfare dojnic
Zavoralová, Lenka
The Bachelor thesis is developed on the topic of factors affecting the welfare of dairy cows. Its aim was to process a literary research focused on the ethology of dairy cows, welfare and factors influencing the walfare of dairy cows. As a part of the practical part two stables of one farm were monitored. All data for the practical part were obtained at the Zderaz Agricultural Farm. The company is engaged in the breeding of Simmental cattle. The behaviour of the cows was noted in the resting period in the stables, but also at the times with the occurrence of disruptive elements. Observations took place in the old and new stables in order to compare specific stables. Subsequent processing of the results revealed a higher number of lying dairy in the new stable during the day. The time of habit utilizing cows for a new parallel milking parlour was also monitored. After five days, the cows went to the milking parlour relatively alone. Lastly, the mastitis of cows was monitored. The highest number of mastitis was observed in summer July, August 2022.
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Evaluace parametrů vnitřního prostředí krav ustájených v odlišných technologických systémech
Vevera, Petr
This diploma thesis that is named “Evaluation of inner environment of cows housed in different technological systems” is focusing on effect of housing technology on inner environment of dairy cows. There were two studied groups of cows that were housed in different technological systems. In three terms the blood samples were taken, that were later evaluated for following parameters: alkaline phosphatase, alanineaminotransferasis, aspartataminotransferasis, gamaglutamyltransferasis, lactate dehydrogenasis, creatin kinasis, calcium, inorganic phosphorus, magnesium, glucose, nonesterified fatty acids, triglycerides, cholesterol, creatinine, betahydroxybutyrate, urea, lactate, total antioxidant status. After statistical evaluation of data following parameters were affected by housing technology: alaninaminotransferasis, aspartateaminotransferasis, gamaglutamyltransferasis, lactate dehydrogenasis, calcium, inorganic phosphorus, glucose, nonesterified fatty acids, triglycerides, cholesterol, creatinine, betahydroxybutyrate, urea and lactate.
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Zhodnocení efektivity vyhledávání říjí skotu pomocí systému Ovalert
Janečková, Kateřina
This bachelor thesis is focused on reproduction in cattle, specifically detection of estrus using various methods which aim is to detect estrus in time. In the introduction of a literary section, there are information about fertility, influences that affect fertility and sexual maturity. The summary chapter about physiology of reproduction includes a set of information about genitals, corpus luteum and reproduction cycle, including its hormonal control. Subsequently, attention is focussed on estrus, detection of estrus and methods of detection. Synchronization of estrus, insemination, reinsemination and reproductive indicators are mentioned at the end of the literature review. Practical part is devoted to evaluation of results of the reproduction of a specific company. Two periods are monitored, namely before and after introduction of system Ovalert. Finally, costs of the reproduction are evaluated. The conclusion of the thesis summarizes the methods of estrus detection and evaluates the system Ovalert.
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Vliv změny techniky krmení jadrné krmné směsi ve stáji s robotickým dojením na užitkovost a BCS dojnic
Konupková, Zora
The thesis focuses on the comparison and evaluation of the effect of changing the feeding technique of the concentrate mixture in a barn with robotic milking on the production and metabolic parameters of dairy cows. The parameters studied included milk yield, BCS and rumen fluid parameters. The change in feeding technique consisted of changing the percentage of concentrate presented in the milking robot and as part of the mixed ration. The BCS was evaluated using a five-point scale with a precision of 0,25 points and included 50 dairy cows. Data on milk performance parameters were obtained from Milk Performance Recording and were evaluated in 49 dairy cows. Collection and laboratory examination of rumen fluids was carried out from six animals before the change in feeding technique and subsequently from six animals after the change in feeding technique. For the parameters studied, two groups of statistical sets were created - before the change in feeding technique and after the change in feeding technique, which were subsequently subjected to statistical analyses. After changing the feeding technique, there was a statistically significant increase (p ≤ 0,05) in the production of total volatile fatty acids in the rumen fluid (from 88,33 mmol/l to 107,53 mmol/l). This increase was mainly due to a statistically significant increase (p < 0,05) in propionic acid production (from 15,40 % to 20,65 %) and a statistically significant decrease (p ≤ 0,05) in acetic acid production (from 68,43 % to 63,97 %). When evaluating the effect of the change in feeding technique on milk yield parameters, there was a significant increase (p < 0,05) in fat content (from 3,96 % to 4,18 %) and a significant decrease (p < 0,05) in protein content (from 3,56 % to 3,50 %) in milk in the first month after the change in feeding technique. There was also a statistically significant (p < 0,05) increase (from 24,98 mg/100 ml to 38,24 mg/100 ml) in urea content in milk after the change in feeding technique. There was also a significant increase (p < 0,05) in the mean fat/protein ratio of milk (from 1,12 to 1,20). When BCS of dairy cows was monitored, there was a statistically significant increase (p < 0,05) in the average BCS of the herd (from 3,39 to 3,67) after changing the feeding technique. When the amount of concentrate allocated in the milking robot was reduced, there was a highly statistically significant (p < 0,001) reduction in the amount of residue (from 0,883 kg to 0,203 kg). The results obtained prove that the change in feeding technique had a positive effect on rumen fermentation processes and on the balancing of the nutritional status of the herd.
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Vlivy působící na kvalitu a složení bazénových vzorků mléka u dojnic českého strakatého skotu v konkrétním chovu
Strnadová, Jitka
The aim of the diploma thesis was to evaluate the influences on the quality and composition of bulk milk samples of dairy cows of Czech spotted cattle. The observation took place within one calendar year (January to December 2022) in the selected breeding of GenAgro Říčany a.s., when we took a total of 52 milk samples. The obtained samples were analyzed and, together with the data from the temperature-humidity sensors (HOBO), sorted in the Microsoft Excel program and subsequently evaluated in the STATISTICA 14.0 program. The highest number of somatic cells (SB) in milk was in the summer, while the lowest in the winter and spring (P < 0,05). The highest number of SB was in the temperature zone at 20.1 °C and the lowest at 0 °C (P < 0,05). The highest number of SB was found in the period with the highest average lactation order (P < 0,05). Regarding the influence of lactation phase, it was found that the highest number of SB was found in dairy cows in the period with the highest average lactation phase (P < 0,05). No significant differences (P > 0,05) were found for the other milk productivity parameters. Over the entire follow-up, the freezing point averaged -0,552°C in all cases.
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Vliv ročního období a pořadí laktace na kvalitu mleziva holštýnských krav ve vybraném podniku
Slechanová, Marie
The topic of the bachelor's thesis was to monitor the influence of the season and the order of lactation on the quality of colostrum of Holstein cows. The bachelor thesis is divided into several parts. In the literary research, the work deals with the characteristics, meaning and composition of colostrum. The theoretical part describes the effects on the quality of colostrum or colostrum preservation. In the practical part is characterized, the company that provided the data and samples for this work. Colostrum from dairy cows in the 1st to 3rd and higher lactations during the seasons was evaluated. Density, the amount of lactose in colostrum, and the percentage of fat, protein, and lactose were measured from the evaluation indicators. The results show that the quality of colostrum increases with increasing lactation. Based on the obtained results, it is not proven that the influence of the season has a major influence on the quality of colostrum. The measured values of the indicators were higher or lower on the monitored farm in accordance with the professional literature.
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Vliv stájového mikroklimatu a intenzity osvětlení na mléčnou užitkovost a reprodukci holštýnských dojnic ve vybraném chovu
Fábry, Ivan
This bachelor thesis focuses on stable microclimate and lighting intensity and their effect on milk yield and reproduction parameters of cattle. The literature review was focused on the parameters of the stable microclimate, milk yield and reproduction of cattle and the factors that influence them. In the practical part was evaluated the correlation between temperature, lighting intensity and parameters of milk yield (milk quantity and composition) and reproduction (length of service period, percentage of pregnancy). The data presented in the practical part of the bachelor thesis come from a specific farm in the Zlín region. Temperature and light intensity were measured by Minikin RTi/QTi sensor, which was placed in the selected stable. The data were continuously downloaded and analysed by mathematical and statistical methods to evaluate the correlation between the measured data and the parameters of milk yield and reproduction.
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Stanovení in vitro stravitelnosti sušiny a organické hmoty směsných krmných dávek s rozdílným zastoupením krmných surovin
Ursová, Lucie
The aim of this thesis was evaluvation of the digestibility of dry matter and organic matter by in vitro method in total mixed ration (TMR) with different representation of components. The gastrointestinal tract of ruminants with all its physiological requirements is described in the literary review. Furthermore, attention was paid to factors affecting the digestibility of feed and subsequent methods for determination of digestibility. The literary review was also focused on the characteristics and structure of TMR. TMR analyzes were determined by chemical methods and subsequently statistically evaluated in Excel and Statistica. The analysis took into account the chemical analysis, nutritional value and concentration of macroelements and microelements. 8 TMRs with different proportions of components were selected for analyzes, of which 6 were assembled for the peak of lactation, one for early lactation and one for the end of lacta-tion. All TMRs are designed for dairy cows with production capacity of over 9,000 l of milk.
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